Tuesday, February 24, 2009

These Holy Days


Yesterday morning, I woke up to Christmas. Four in the morning, I was warm and buzzing nestled between soft pillows and a billowy comforter, the holiday songs from my dreams still echoing in my sleepy memory. What had I been dreaming? A tiled sauna and a room full of hot cascading showers, a shuffling choir, long curtains of fabric draped in folds and shifting gently in a warm breeze... My bedroom was cool and dark, utterly quiet, as sun, steam and bright colors wound ribbons of anticipation and giddy joy through my mind. Some days just feel like Christmas.

Another hour of light dozing and my alarm was going off. As I dressed and ate breakfast, I caught myself humming "Santa Baby" ...I really do believe in you, let's see if you believe in me... I walked to work through blue twilit dawn, the scent of the late February air--tense with chill, sparkling just slightly under each streetlamp in diffuse wisps of crystalline snow--seeming entwined with hints of peppermint and cinnamon; even the smell of cigarette smoke wafting down early morning city streets reminded me instead of smoldering hearth fires and sap reaching up lazily through the limbs of pines. All morning felt like a holiday. When I wasn't paying attention, I slipped backwards through the calendar, pulsing with gratitude and energy.

My first customer of the morning was a disheveled-looking woman with suitcases and overflowing canvas tote bags piled up around her in the tiny booth where she sat sipping her coffee and fingering an unlit cigarette back and forth across her knuckles. The waitress from the midnight shift shrugged and shook her head. "It's not like she's out of her right mind or anything..." I glanced at the woman grinning dreamily across the dining room. "When she came in, she threw up her arms in the air in a bear-hug," my manager chimed in, "I thought she was going to attack you!" I walked a fresh pot of coffee over and topped off her mug. The woman winked. "It's cold enough out there to shiver my timbers!" I smiled. "That's what we're here for," I said, gesturing gently with the steaming pot.

All morning, the woman sat in her booth, hunched over a newspaper, stepping out sometimes for a smoke. From behind the counter, I could see her bundled, hunched form shifting from foot to foot outside the hazy window, reaching sometimes to tap ash into the street's gutter. Another thin layer of dust covering the dusting of snow and gray hunks of sidewalk salt. Other customers came and went, the usual barrage of coffee, eggs, hot tea and homefries, oatmeal and bagels and french toast and fruit. Some were regulars, catching up on news, asking after my family and sharing stories from the weekend. Others were new faces, or only vaguely familiar, meeting strangers to talk morning business, or sitting alone with their palms cupping the smooth porcelain side of a grande carmel latte. Warmth radiated. My manager kept to the basement, going over the usual Monday morning inventory, and upstairs it was just the one sleepy cook and myself drifting through the oldie tunes playing over the muzak system. Sometimes I sang along softly to myself, feeling the roots of my hair prickle as though radiating heat in a halo of lazy melody.

Midmorning, a soldier came in, dressed in gray sweat fatigues, and sat at a table by himself in the far corner of the dining room. Soldiers make me a little uncomfortable, I admit. "Service" means something so different to me. Courage and loyalty, discipline.... I've known boys who went off after high school to become soldiers, often just for the financial aid or health benefits. Two of them have died because of it--one in war, one from sudden heart failure while training to pass his physicals. Another called me a "childish c*nt" and stopped speaking to me when I joked about anarchy and a community shaped by Gandhi's satyagraha, love-force, instead of a Big Brother military enforcing our interests overseas. These men--mostly men--sit in their uniforms and follow strict protocols of civility, refusing to eat until a commanding officer has begun on his own meal, calling us waitresses "ma'am" as though we were all mothers or teachers. But they have also been trained how to kill, to level a gun or swiftly drop a missile with the same precision and detachment. I am a pacifist, perhaps by nature; I cannot choose war, I cannot choose military even in its most abstracted and ideal form. And so soldiers--unlike police officers, or EMTs, or the local crossing guards--make me feel how deeply I am a civilian, how soft and far I am from a fighter.

I always wonder what they're thinking. As I dropped off this soldier's breakfast--a young man hardly older than myself from the looks of it, and sullen in the frozen morning sunlight cutting down through the long restaurant windows--I smiled and felt my own uncertainty lurking beneath my usual kind and eager inquiries about refills and condiments. I always want them to know that I respect them as human beings, rather than as soldiers. I always want them to feel the aching wish in my heart that they would one day just... give it up, that every one of them would give it up and come home and leave the weaponry to rust. National security be damned. Politics and power-plays be damned. In this small, cozy diner where every scent, every scrape of silverware or drip of the coffee machine, is familiar and resonant... I always want them, for a while, to cease to be fighters and become men again.

With barely a dozen words exchanged between us, eventually the young soldier picked his check up off the table and came to the register to pay. He stood, seemingly distracted and uneasy, as I punched in the amount and he rummaged for change in his wallet. Then from behind him, the disheveled woman was approaching, tapping him softly on the shoulder, muttering something too low for me to hear. "No, ma'am," he replied, looking down at his gray sweats, "Just standard issue." A moment longer the woman stood before him, her old body a good head shorter and a good deal wider and softer than his own muscled and rough beneath the worn gray fabric. Then, she threw her arms up in the air, and drew him into an embrace that seemed to grow long and quiet from the center of her being. For a moment, everything in the dining room stopped. I lowered my eyes.

Then, she shuffled back over to her seat and took up her coffee mug again. I watched the young man out of the corner of my eye as I counted quarters and nickels back to him; once or twice, he glanced over at where the woman sat, as if bewildered or shaken. I wished him a nice day, and he thanked me distractedly. He stepped away from the register, hesitated, then turned slowly towards her booth. "Thank you," was all he said. The woman looked up and grinned her awkward, tooth-rotted grin, split open with caring.

"Pass it on," she said, "Pass on love. We all have to try to become better people."

The young soldier nodded his head, or bowed it, as he walked back out into the cold.



Later, another coworker arrived, picking up my slack as business increased despite the ever-denser snowfall outside. Shafts of sunlight that had cast sharp, long shadows across the carpet earlier in the morning were replaced by monotone grays and whites in slow, low-lying clouds wending their way between buildings and alleys across the street. The old woman was back outside sucking delicately at a cigarette when my coworker glanced at her fort of battered, pudgy suitcases and asked disdainfully, "Who's at booth thirty-three?" thinking it was a bag-lady.

Perhaps she was. "Just a woman getting coffee," I said. I shrugged and shook my head, feeling tears stinging the corners of my wide, humming eyes. "It's not like she's out of her right mind or anything..."

Sunday, February 22, 2009

In Perfect Love & Perfect Jenga!

You might not suspect it at first, but Druidry asks us to give up a lot.

I certainly didn't expect it when I first began exploring the Craft and aspects of nature spirituality back in college. At the time, I looked on the spiritual work embraced by Paganism as a release and an expansion of my artistic and creative work (which I had, in any case, always pursued "for the sake of the Divine"). I wanted to move beyond mere words and the music of poetry; I wanted the tools to transform my life itself, body and heart, spirit and mind, into an engaged, living work of art. The personal ritual, magic, meditation and prayer of Druidry offered me these tools.

I should have seen the inevitable coming. I was writing short stories as early as freshman year about the sculptor of Winged Victory chiseling away at all that was not goddess. I'd had intimate relations with poetry as long as I could remember, and had learned the tension and beauty of limits, those perfectly crafted lines and stanzas, the concise brute force of a few words juxtaposed. All that is not infinite has its limits, this is not a bad thing. It's nature. Limitation is so often descried, equated with restriction and censorship; but limit is only the daughter of form, that's all.

Druidry is, in part, about learning our own limits, celebrating our form and seeking out our boundaries, the edges of our sacred space, our nemeton. Without a sense of the beauty that resides in the liminal, along the edges of finite things, how can we know real intimacy, the lingering thrill of allowing others in or reaching out tentatively beyond ourselves? Music has form, song has limits--it has scale and progression, it has shape and movement. When we sing together, our voices in tune, our bodies are vessels sharing a vibration in the most literal sense. We move together, we share an imperceptible boundary that buzzes and blurs. Without limits, movement is impossible (where would we be moving to, and how could we be growing?). Druidry teaches us to sing our soul's song--to put the world to sleep for three nights, or provoke it into weeping or laughter--and to sing our spirit in harmony, with an attentive ear to the weaving, echoing melodies of the world. Love, too, has its form, and therefore its limits, though limit and condition are not synonymous.

Love--whether the "perfect love" of the Wiccan Rede or the "unconditional love" of Christian mysticism--asks us to give up a lot. If we love nature, the environment, the ecosystems of our world, we learn to move in sympathy with them, to find and feel a center and gravity other than our own. If we sing with the trees and the earth, it becomes more difficult for us to callously waste and destroy--we share an edge, we feel the limits and needs of nature rubbing up against our own, we overlap, and we flinch as destruction "over there" sends ripples of regret and anguish reaching all the way to the "here" of our own deepest beings. In love, limits are not "conditions" of restriction or rejection. They do not deny certain kinds of love to certain kinds of beings, nor do they negate or denigrate the self that loves. Instead, the natural limits of love--love as an activity, as a process of creation, as movement and form--make liminal experiences of intimacy and trust possible, and render meaningful our urge towards response-ability. In this sense, even as imperfect creatures living in a less-than-ideal world, we have access to the infinite potential of condition-less love, capable in every moment of responding uniquely to each infinitely unique being.

But our edges blur, the shore shifts between every tide and tiny snails take up residence in our crevices and unseemly dark places. Love asks us to give up a lot, including our assumptions about what we, as isolated individuals, need to survive and how justified we are in taking it.

Maslow has his (in)famous "Hierarchy of Needs," a pyramid built on survival, security, support, and respect. We human beings need food, water, shelter, air, sleep--we require basic physical conditions to be met, just to stay alive. And once we have these things? We want to know they will be there tomorrow, as well, and indefinitely into the future, or at least for a good long while. When our physical bodies feel sated and safe, the pattern repeats again on a socio-psychological level: we need to feel as though we belong, to a family and a community, and that our emotional and intellectual selves will find nourishment here; and then we need to feel respected, productive and accomplished so that this support won't suddenly be withdrawn and denied to us later. Only after all of these things do we come to consider what Maslow calls "self-actualization": creativity, imagination, contemplation and ethical activity. If we're lucky. Some of us never get there. Why? Because this is, after all, a pyramid--the higher we want to go, the larger the base. The more productive and respected we want to be, the more community ties we must maintain, and so the more security and basic material needs that must be met. Some of us will spend lifetimes building out our base, putting one block next to another on the first two or three tiers, until we have a man-made plateau that stretches wide around us on all sides.

Meanwhile, the snails are at their work, love wearing us down, smoothing away everything that isn't goddess or god. Love, and Druidry, ask us to give up a lot. To give up willful or careless harm; to give up eating meat, if our bodies can take it (which most of them can); to give up excessive consumption and energy waste; sometimes to give up the support and acceptance of a family or community that cannot understand our spirituality; in short, to give up many of the things that we've come to assume are fundamental to our survival. The "higher" we try to go, the more we seem to find the blocks of our life knocked out from under us. The work comes to seem less like the building of a Great Pyramid in a desert, and more like a precarious game of Jenga! in which our balance is our sanity, our spirit and our survival. How can we do it? How can we find it within ourselves to take the risk, to give up our assumptions and confront our fears?

Have you ever played Jenga!? I hope so, it's fun-for-the-whole-family, as they say. The strategy of Jenga! is essentially this: move slowly, calmly, and with trust. Test each block, push it gently with the soft tip of your finger--some will be stubborn and load-bearing, but others will slide free easily, as if by magic. Not only this, but as the tower grows higher, its weight will shift and some of those blocks that seemed impossible to move before may suddenly cease to be so important. In Ali's "Jenga! of Needs," the spiritual life is much the same--we move cautiously, with baby-steps, giving up what we can afford and, with each surrender, we also build, we reach further, higher, deeper. Where we find frightening emptiness, we seek new centers of gravity, the edges of others we love. We weave them intimately into our lives and allow them to lend us balance and strength. Furthermore: we create. We have no set number of blocks, we carve out our own, we not only build but we grow, and our own growth provides us with ever-new materials out of which to craft our life. Eventually, perhaps, some of us might grow to become like those mystics and saints, living high in the mountains on tea and yogic discipline, or deep in a monastery subsisting on prayer and consecrated bread. For some, love will knock us off our feet, and we will suddenly find ourselves able to fly.

But for now, baby steps: movement, limit, form, celebration and imagination, creativity and praise... in perfect love and perfect trust.

Saturday, February 14, 2009

In Love with Spirit: Method & Purpose

This post was originally going to have a slightly different focus, shaped in part by my reaction to a post over at Dreaming the Future Closer a while back (if you're reading, Ian, I do intend to get back to our aesthetic/scientific discussion--so many ideas, so little time!). But, as Jeff's comment quickly reminded me, this original intention shaped my last post in some significant ways, leading me to skip over some important concepts and leave certain assumptions unmentioned. Seriously, sometimes there are too. many. ideas. to keep you from ever feeling like you've said anything comprehensively coherent!

So let's back up.

Spiritual growth. Like all processes, I suppose it's safe to say that in this, too, there is both method and purpose; that is to say, there is a "how" and a "why." When we look to role models of spiritual growth, then, it follows that sometimes we are seeking an example of how to be spiritual, and at other times we hope to find an inspiration for why a deeper life of spirit is a vital or meaningful one.* Jeff is right to point out that "many pagans look to the natural world as a model to follow," but for me, this statement raises several more questions. The one I want to deal with first is: does nature provide a model of method, or a model of purpose, or both? And in each case, what can the model show us? Instead of jumping right into modern Paganism, which is in many ways still just a bedraggled fledgling, I'd like to look at a few examples from other religious traditions.

*To use my last post as a springboard into this new discussion, I might sum up by saying that in my experience Druidry, though it provides many examples of the spiritual life's various hows, leaves the why, the ultimate purpose of such activities, largely unexamined. One reason for this may be that Paganism as a whole tends to emphasize practice over belief as the common element which defines its communities. Another, perhaps, is the sense of "homecoming" many Pagans express, which takes the "why" of a suitable spiritual path as a given and may never be closely examined from within the Pagan tradition. With only skills to perfect rather than some relationship or ideal to pursue, however, I think we're likely to continue to see some seekers falter and even leave Paganism completely as they struggle without clear sense of purpose or direction.

Models from Nature

I was tempted, in my last post, to mention the Taoist role model for spiritual growth, the sage. In the Chuang-Tzu, the sage or "true person" is often compared to an ancient tree, which has survived to such a great age because it is too twisted and useless for anyone to bother cutting it down. This amusing image perfectly reflects the Taoist emphasis on perfect, effortless integrity in the Way which, when achieved, becomes a source of infinite potential and energy. (Another charming example from the Chuang-Tzu: "The child howls the whole day but its throat does not become hoarse--the height of harmony.") It emphasizes the non-utilitarian essence found in nature, in which a being may be "indispensable to all things," but useful to none. A tree that grows fluidly shaped by the Tao, responsive to its influence, lives intimately with the air, rain and soil, despite being "useless" to them as well as to the man who would cut it down for timber. For Taoists, a "model from nature" leads to ultimate union with the Way, a deep harmony with the web of being which expresses itself in endless diversity but springs from a single source, the Tao:
Let me say a few careless words to you and you listen carelessly, all right? The sage can lean against the sun and moon and tuck the universe under his arm because he melds things into a whole. The mass of men are all hustle-bustle; the sage is slow and simple. He combines myriad years into a single purity.
This purpose or "why" of the spiritual life is strikingly similar to what Jeff describes as the Pagan's goal, "deeper integration and union with the web of life," yet the process by which one arrives at the goal is uniquely Taoist, with an emphasis on non-utilitarian stillness and simplicity: "through nonaction, no action is left undone."

Let us look at another non-monotheistic example of models for spiritual growth: Hinduism. Within Hinduism are four "yogas," or disciplines, of the spiritual life: (a) jnana yoga, the discipline of knowledge or philosophy, in which the yogi passes through the three stages of learning, thinking and shifting awareness; (b) bhakti yoga, the discipline of love or devotion, in which the yogi strives to adore a chosen ideal or form of Divinity as selflessly and sincerely as possible; (c) karma yoga, the discipline of work or service, which can be approached with either of the two aforementioned emphases, knowledge or love; and (d) raja yoga, the discipline of science or experimentation, though not the physical "science" of the West, rather a kind of "science of the soul," in which the yogi investigates the layers of the self through "psychophysical exercises" (this is the "yoga" of meditation and body movement most familiar to, say, California yuppies looking to stay thin). These four disciplines embrace a wide array of personalities and inclinations: thoughtfulness, curiosity, passion, activity, reason, emotion, skepticism... They also may each incorporate or refer to different "models from nature" most suitable for their respective methods: a yogi on the path of knowledge might contemplate the ocean with its waves as a model for the Infinite Being underlying the experience of self, while familial and social relationships found in nature provide models for the yogi seeking a path of love. Each of the four disciplines provides a particular and valuable method for spiritual growth, some of which are strikingly similar to Pagan practices in meditation, ritual and devotion to deity. Yet in Hinduism, these methods all ultimately lead towards the same purpose, the same "why," which is the revelation of the finite personality as distinct from the deepest Self or Atman, and the world as illusory or unreal in comparison to the Infinite Source, or Godhead, or Brahman. Although there is some debate over the particulars, it would be slightly inaccurate in most cases to characterize the "end goal" of these various yogas as a deeper integration within the world itself; rather, the purpose is to transcend both the self and the world, in one sense or another.

Both of these religious traditions, Taoism and Hinduism, look for models in the natural world to provide images and metaphors for the spiritual life, and yet despite their shared Eastern roots and influences, even they differ in how they use these natural models to shape their understanding of the method and purpose of spiritual growth. While Taoism sees in nature models of effortless harmony and the blossoming of all activity and creativity from the stillness of an essential union, Hinduism holds up discipline, intention and effort as fundamental to all approaches to Ultimate Reality, shedding or overcoming finite particularity. These differences are only natural. Literally. For nature is incredibly diverse, and its models of growth and relationship practically infinite. How different, then, might a Western-rooted newly-resuscitated form of modern Paganism be not only from Western monotheistic traditions, but even from other poly-, pan(en)- and non-theistic traditions around the world.

One problem with saying that the Pagan solution to the question of spiritual growth is "to look to nature," is that in some ways such a statement is so broad that it doesn't really say anything, or at least nothing particularly and uniquely applicable (in the West, such a statement usually assumes, rather, a rejection of certain perceived trends in monotheism and Christianity especially, without much elaboration). Even if we take a deep, harmonious integration with the web of life to be the most obvious and consistent model that the natural world provides for us regarding the purpose of spiritual life, there is still the question of method (how practices such as divination, meditation and magic in the Western Pagan tradition relate to models in nature and move us towards this purpose is an important question as well, for another time). William James, in his Varieties of Religious Experience, talks about different spiritual phases that most individuals go through along their respective journeys. The first stage for most of us is that of "healthy-mindedness," when we feel naturally connected and at ease in the world. But few people (the "once born," as he calls them) are lucky enough to remain in this stage for very long. Most of us eventually become "sick souls," torn in multiple directions by conflicts with the world as it naturally exists, confronted with problems like the nature of suffering, the existence of "evil," malice or disharmony, one's relative impotence to accomplish intended good, and the reality and mystery of death, loss and grief. When a person finds herself in conflict with the very world itself and its essential nature, metaphors and examples in the natural world may not always be enough. Reminding ourselves that the wolf does not quibble to kill for food, nor the daisy worry itself about its importance to the field, does not always help us adequately deal with the problem of living as self-aware human beings. (I wrote something about this lacuna of spiritual support a while back, thinking about parallels between pantheism and satire.) .

What's Love Got To Do With It?

(I really need to stop referencing old pop songs in my subheadings. Seriously.)

I have come to wonder if, perhaps, part of spiritual growth is coming to the realization that, to a certain extent, the world cannot always tell us how to be, that we must instead choose for ourselves, decide upon our own values and ideals and work towards them. Arguing that humans are unique creatures in the natural world is not exactly a popular idea in Paganism since it smacks of the kind nature-devaluing human exceptionalism found in some Christian traditions, but the truth that we are self-aware creatures capable of free, creative choice must, I think, be an essential aspect of any model for spiritual growth. We have the potential to choose how we relate to and exist in the world, which ideals we strive towards, which bonds we nurture. In the great Song of the World, we have the freedom to create our own melodies, to modulate and improvise, always guided by a gentle, attentive listening to the harmonies around us.

Which brings me back to the beginning. Love. As I mentioned above, in Hinduism, the path of bhakti yoga, of love and devotion, allows each individual to seek out her own ideal, the form of Divinity which best moves her, to which she can most fervently devote herself. Some Hindus have said that Christianity, with its emphasis on love and especially a personal love for Jesus as Christ, exemplifies the bhakti path (sometimes to the point of eclipsing the valuable role of philosophy, service and curiosity). Ian, of Dreaming the Future Closer, imagines the relationship between person and deity in a very similar way when he discusses unconditional love.

Unconditional love requires that the love be unconditioned by both the lover and the beloved.  Unconditional love must affirm the beloved without taking on the beloved’s real or imagined conditions.  To the extent that the beloved does not return the love, denies the love, the love remains conditioned, by expectation if not outright demand.

In his post, Ian concentrates on the role of the human being as lover seeking the beloved, which in the case of the spiritual life is usually some conception of deity. Yet he rightly points out that when a lover merely replaces her own conditions with those of the beloved, whether human or divine, she has yet to attain to real unconditional (that is, condition-less) love. This is just as true when "the mystic proclaims ‘Better that I suffer [under the conditions imposed by my beloved] than that I place demands, conditions, upon my love for the beloved,’" as when a devotee passes judgment on herself and others according to the conditions laid out by her God in scripture or ritual. A love that utterly unites lover with beloved destroys the former, and even if reciprocated can only establish a kind of self-referential closed circuit.

Yet this is not precisely the model of unconditional love that I learned growing up in a Christian household. As Beatrice Bruteau discusses in her book, Radical Optimism: Practical Spirituality in an Uncertain World, the Catholic model of Divine Unconditional Love is specifically triune. While love between lover and beloved, even when perfectly unconditional and reciprocated, suffers from a stunted self-involvement (lover unites with beloved in loving merely the lover herself, who loves merely the beloved, who loves the lover, who loves...), the inclusion of a third "person" opens up within love an inherent tension in which individuality and unity are both supported, reaffirmed and cultivated. We see this even in human relationships: a couple who find only one another interesting, besides being painfully dull and nauseatingly sweet for the rest of us, are unlikely to help one another grow; on the other hand, a couple comprised of two unique individuals with their own passions and interests, who can unite in appreciating the world not only beyond themselves but beyond each other, will find infinite potential for exploring and developing that love. The Catholic Trinity--Father, Son and Holy Spirit--establish a web of engaged loving relationship as the fundamental nature of our existence grounded in Spirit.

As I replied to Ian's original post, as a child raised to my family's Catholicism, I conceived of God not as the beloved, but as the Lover, not only capable of entering into a relationship of reciprocal, unconditional love, but already and forever doing just that. It was never a question of whether or not "God would love me back" or instead place crippling conditions on my devotion. Every Christian child can sing: "Jesus loves me, this I know (for the Bible tells me so)." This is no small distinction. Indeed, it shifts the very nature of our relationship to the Divine, and to deity more specifically. Jesus as Christ, as deity, not only engages in the perfectly unconditional act of loving us, but also of loving God as Father, that is, as Godhead. In this situation, we are the beloved, and so all that remains is for us to aspire to a less conditioned, more perfectly loving relationship with Jesus, and through Jesus as perfectly loving, with God as the infinite, intimate Source or Spirit of our being.

This was the model of spiritual love I found in those mystics and saints I admired as a child. And it was this model that provided me, for so many years, with both a method and a purpose to guide my spiritual growth. The purpose, the why: intimate, experiential relationship with my spiritual Source which, rather than being an end, would support and encourage (and sometimes provoke or instigate against my own stubborn intentions) my on-going growth. The method, the how: love, aspiring to increasingly unconditional devotion and gratitude to deity, and through deity to Spirit, and through Spirit to the world itself which Spirit creates and sustains, the Dancer dancing the Dance in the infinite present, the here-now. Love led me to act, to act playfully and creatively, and this creativity, imagination and sacred play led me, eventually, to the Druid way.

Thursday, February 12, 2009

Regarding Spiritual Growth

What does spiritual growth look like? There's an old Zen saying:

Before enlightenment: chop wood, carry water.
After enlightenment: chop wood, carry water.


It's hard not to love those amazing, quirky Buddhists. The wonderful thing about this saying is that, besides being an implicit statement about the inherent sacredness of the world itself, it speaks to several different aspects of the spiritual life on a more practical level as well. The very first, and in some ways most important, is that regardless of one's spiritual growth, the mundane world goes on. Wood will still need to be chopped, and water carried, food cooked and houses cleaned, baskets woven and bills paid. The spiritual life cannot exempt us from these responsibilities, nor should we expect it to. A life devoted to the Sacred must lead us more deeply and lovingly into a relationship with our "ordinary" lives, not drive us to reject or disparage it. A spiritual life must ultimately be an integrated life, a life in harmony with itself as well as with the larger world. If we imagine, as Dion Fortune and others have described, that the manifest world emanates and expresses Spirit in a vast diversity of forms (as illustrated, for instance, in the Kabbalistic Tree of Life), then the spiritual path is not only a journey "upwards" back to unity and wholeness, but also a journey "down" to fully realize, express and integrate this Holy Unity in all aspects of our lives.

The second aspect that this saying captures is the nature of spiritual growth as cyclical. In many ways, spiritual growth is often imagined as a linear, progressive process. We are born, we mature, we deepen and age, and eventually we die; and as we travel this one-way road, we hope that our pasts will shape us and help us to become better people in the future. This is just as true in all areas of our lives: our education, our social and interpersonal relationships, our job skills and hobbies, and especially our spiritual journeys. We might feel uncomfortable or insecure if we sense that our relationship with the Sacred has stagnated or become redundant. So in many ways, this conception of spiritual growth as linear is healthy and helpful, it is one way that we hear the calling and sense the longing to deepen our relationships with the Divine in world, and to work to move towards that desire. But we soon find out that when we reach (or reach for) "enlightenment" or relationship, or however we conceive of the journey's meaning and purpose, we find ourselves firmly rooted back in our own histories and our own natures. We return to old memories with new insights, and cultivate familiar experiences with new perspectives. We take the Fool's Journey and arrive at the beginning again, with a new arm of the spiral to traverse and explore.

Or perhaps it is better to say that we arrive, not at the beginning, but at the center, the Source. A Source which is timeless and nonlinear, which is always available in every engaged present moment of the here-now. I like Ani DiFranco's take on it, when she sings about how she had to "learn to be new in an instant, like the truth is accessible at any time," because this is exactly the case. Most of us will experience these moments of newness, these "peak experiences" (as Maslow calls them) that punctuate our spiritual lives, when we feel a sense of wonder and innocence, as though we have become children again. Christians call this kind of experience a moment of divine grace; mystics from all traditions refer to it as a kind of union with the Sacred. But of course, we cannot exist continuously in these moments of timelessness and blessing--we inevitably move on, we cycle, we progress, we learn and we forget and we relearn. This is why the spiritual journey is a cycle of growth, and not merely a stopping point or final end. We do ourselves no favors if we try to cultivate "peak experiences" with the intention of staying in such states permanently; we are more likely to end up chasing fleeting experiential "highs" than cultivating real growth, not to mention all those bills that won't get paid, those baskets that will be left unwoven, those songs unsung and stories untold.

Which brings me to the third aspect that the Zen saying expresses: in many, many ways, spiritual growth doesn't look like anything at all, it is not something that is always obvious or visible to others. A person who has reached "enlightenment" or moved farther along their spiritual journey will probably appear very "normal" in some ways. They will be working and exerting effort, and sometimes struggling and stumbling, just like everyone else. They will still be chopping wood and carrying water, and probably muttering to themselves occasionally about calluses and damp socks. So in some ways, I realize that the question, "What does spiritual growth look like?" is not really the right question to ask, or at least not the most illuminating at times. Nevertheless, thinking about how the fruits of the spiritual life manifest, how we recognize them in others and in ourselves, and how we develop goals and seek out role models that can keep us motivated and inspired, are all vital in their own way.

Druids Great and Small

I mentioned in a previous post that there is a definite difference between developing a particular talent or set of skills, and growing spiritually. Of course, they're not mutually exclusive, and sometimes, I believe, whole-hearted devotion to particular work can lead to personal spiritual growth in a kind of round-about way. Brenda Ueland once said that, to become a better writer, you have to become a better person, and I've found that to be generally true, with myself and other writers I know. Commitment to work--especially if it is the creative work of honest self-expression or communication in one form or another--can often demand attention to and appreciation of the world beyond the individual ego, which is an important lesson for the spirit, as well.

Druidic work in herbalism and gardening, poetry, music, dance and writing (whether creatively or philosophically) all have the potential to lead to meaningful personal growth by encouraging us to engage with a substantive and lively world beyond ourselves; however, pursuits in Druidry that are more expressly "spiritual" in nature--such as ritual, magic and divination--don't seem to have the same transformative effect with any consistency. For some individuals, they do; for many, they're skills or activities but little more. Hit or miss. Perhaps this is because some pressure exists in the community to be somewhat good at all of these, instead of devoting oneself completely to being really good at just one or two. (It's like the Pagan version of a performer's "triple threat"--singing, dancing, acting--even if we'd really just prefer soul-wrenching cathartic honesty in a role, more than someone who can break out into song and a quick soft-shoe when it's scripted.) When I look at the Druid community, and at Paganism more generally, I find a number of great scholars, talented musicians, passable poets, laudable ritualists and impressive oracles. But rarely do I see anyone who stops me in my tracks with the inspiration and wisdom of their insight, or who moves me deeply with their loving-kindness towards others or devotion to the Divine.

Another factor might be Paganism's tendency to reject hierarchy, which doesn't always stop at the damage of repression, but can go on to downplay any notion of "becoming better" (even if the only measure is oneself and one's personal goals) in the name of equality and tolerance. For all the discussion of the wisdom of the ancestors and their ancient ways, there is very little talk of how Paganism can help someone become a better, more loving or ethical person in the here and now of everyday contemporary life. Judy Harrow, in her book on Pagan mentoring, does not even bother to discuss the "highest" levels of personal, emotional and spiritual development in the psychological and sociological models she cites because, she explains, they are unrealistic ideals out of reach for the common practitioner. Yet the role of unattainable ideals is an important one that can serve to guide us, and avoiding discussion of them entirely is unlikely to inspire anyone. Harrow herself points out that often a society's or community's leadership sets the cap on the highest acceptable level of personal or spiritual growth, above which individuals may be ignored or even punished. As important as equality and realistic goal-setting is, it is also important that we not fall into the trap of actively or passively discouraging a deeper pursuit of the spiritual life, especially when such pursuits may take more time or involve processes more obscure than the overt talents of ritual and magic.

A Hero Lies in... Who?

If I cannot, for now, find many real-life role models of spiritual growth in modern Druidry (and it is, relatively speaking, such a young tradition that this isn't entirely unexpected), then the question I ask myself next is: what kinds of role models have I found inspiring in the past, and what can they still teach me about my own spiritual growth today?

As a young(er) girl, I devoured books about saints and mystics, reveling in the kind of sacred, overjoyed (and sometimes dark and struggling) poetry and contemplations their spiritual experiences inspired them to write. During a few years in grade school, I became obsessed with angels as perfect spiritual beings and used to dream about becoming one myself; that is, until a teacher at my Sunday school explained to me that angels, unlike people, did not have free will but were basically "built" to love God: they couldn't help themselves. After that, I lost interest in these creatures that seemed more like inevitable forces of nature than willing, struggling beings, and I began to admire the monks and desert-dwellers of Christianity, as well as Jesus and the Virgin Mary as powerful role models of a "divine family." In high school, I held in high esteem social activists and progressives like Gandhi, Thich Nhat Hanh and Thomas Merton as examples of how the spiritual life could be brought back into the public realm with vitality and relevance.

One thing I notice immediately upon reviewing this collection of historical and contemporary figures, is that none of them were priests, and in fact many of them found themselves repeatedly in conflict with the formal religious leaders of their communities. This trend probably reveals more about me and my personal passions and drives than anything, but it might also serve as a reminder that the role of a priest or priestess is more often about service to the religious community than his or her own advanced spiritual growth. Sometimes such service, when undertaken with commitment and a certain amount of modesty, can open a way for a deeper engagement with spirit as well; likewise, spiritual development in an individual almost always expresses itself in service to others (though not always formally through leadership roles). While the priesthood is certainly a valuable and important goal, the model it provides is not inherently or essentially one of personal growth.

So what else is it that these mystics, saints and activists all hold in common? What is it that seems to guide and shape them as they grow into examples of human beauty and potential? The response, echoing gently out of my Christian childhood and insisting on being heard in my Pagan present, is this: love.

Monday, February 9, 2009

Book Learnin': A Helpful List of Books on Druidry

I have been attempting to develop a kind of flow of interconnected ideas and concerns, from one post to the next, in this blog lately... but every once in a while, I find myself struck by a sudden rant that just needs expression. Now. This is one of those rants. Enjoy (or be annoyed), and I hope you'll come back when I return to writing more directly about the problem of spiritual growth.

See, this is why AODA annoys me sometimes. In general, members are very kind, supportive and helpful, but every once in a while, they go in for this "sabotaging the newbie" nonsense. It might not even be intentional. Perhaps they do not even realize that, collectively, they're coming off as very intimidating and discouraging, at times even obnoxious. The latest example that set me off (and has happened at least twice in the past month) concerns what I will flippantly refer to as book learnin'. Someone sent a post to the online forum asking for recommendations on good, reliable (and accurate) books on Druidry. Now, this is a perfectly understandable request, especially if you're just starting to explore the Druid path, because there is a ton of misinformation out there on the Druids ancient and modern, some of it more or less intentional and misleading. Asking for advice on where to begin looking for a foundation of scholarly information as well as insight into modern practices is not only a good idea, but perhaps an essential early step for a neophyte (especially one not lucky enough to have other practicing Druids around to offer in-person guidance and discussion).

But what do the members of this AODA forum do? They respond with things like, "O well, it really depends on what kind of Druidry you mean, because there are so many, such as [insert long list of all the variations and "denominations" of Druidy here, many with names that sound like paleontology prefixes and which you've probably never heard of unless you've been studying two or three years already].... Which one did you mean?" Not one helpful recommendation of a good, solid text that covers a wide variety of information to provide a beginner with a bit of foundation. (Such general introductory texts do exist, I assure you, and I would bet money that every person who responded to this inquiry with nitpicking has probably read several such books.)

O, and my favorite: "Druidry isn't something you can learn from books. You have to do it and experience it for yourself. How can someone possibly understand [insert name of exotic sounding ritual involving fire and possibly pain or blood sacrifice] and even attempt to write about all its important lessons when such things are beyond words?"

How is this helpful? It's not. It's a way of avoiding giving anything away or giving up any of the aura of authority you get by knowing more and having more experiences under your belt than a neophyte. If I were new to Druidry, I would be immensely discouraged, not to mention as annoyed as I am now, by such replies. Luckily, I adore books and you couldn't stop me from reading them if you tried, no matter what kind of sanctimonious the-reality-is-beyond-words nonsense you bombarded me with.

Perhaps it's because I came to Druidry through my poetry (which I've been writing since about the age I could first hold a crayon) and I continue to adore Druidry because of its bardic traditions, which embrace and celebrate music, song and the power of words... but I have never understood the kind of response that rejects book learnin' as somehow less important or more dangerous than direct experience. To me, reading and exploring ideas in books has always inspired and sewn in me the seeds of desire: desire to move ideas into the real world and bring their beauty into participatory being, and desire to meet the challenge of articulating my own experiences in meaningful ways that can sew those seeds in others. If it hadn't been for a few incredibly well-written books on Druidry, I wouldn't have ever bothered to begin the real life practice that has given me so much and opened me to so many experiences (I wouldn't even know what a [insert exotic sounding ritual here] was or why it might matter to other people, let alone what it might someday mean to me).

Somehow I doubt people who post requests for book recommendations are looking to replace the actual activity of walking a spiritual path in real life. I don't see why it should be a problem to provide suggestions about a few well-researched and insightful books about Druidry, which is after all not only a personal path but a community spiritual tradition (and a diverse and diffuse community at that, which has developed its own customs of discussion and often communicates its shared interests and values through text, in books as well as in online forums and blogs like this one). If this were still an oral culture and non-textual sources of information were more readily available, perhaps an avoidance of books might be more justified. But the truth is, this is a literate culture we live in today, and if a new student of Druidry is to find her way into the tradition, it is not enough to set her loose in the forest without a teacher or a mythology to guide her, and say, "Well, go to it, go do 'Druidry'."



On that note, these are a few of my favorite books on Druidry and modern Druidic practice:

  • Way of the Druid: Renaissance of a Celtic Religion and its Relevance, by Graeme Talboys With a bit of historical background, this book explores the "Celtic metaphysic" and how it relates to modern practice. It's the first book I would lend to a non-Druid friend or family member interested in understanding the spiritual tradition I follow.

  • Spirits of the Sacred Grove: The World of a Druid Priestess, by Emma Restall Orr A wonderful memoir that follows the cycle of the seasons, this book expresses in beautiful, powerful writing the kinds of personal experiences at the root of practical Druidry and gives you that itch to go out and spend long hours in the local woods listening to the breathing of things. A very nice counterbalance to Talboys' more theoretical focus, though it may come across as "too weird" for non-Druids... I wouldn't recommend it to my mother, anyway!

  • The Mysteries of Druidry: Celtic Mysticism, Theory, & Practice, by Brendan Myers This text focuses a bit more on various common themes and symbols that echo throughout Celtic mythology and lay a foundation for creative, engaged work with the Druidic tradition.

  • The Rebirth of Druidry: Ancient Earth Wisdom for Today, edited by Philip Carr-Gomm A collection of essays, this is the very first book that shook me awake and inspired me to seek out Druidry in my own life; all sorts of topics are covered, from the personal to the traditional, from theory on seasonal calendars to explorations of self- and social-identity, and more.

  • The Druidry Handbook: Spiritual Practice Rooted in the Living Earth, by John Michael Greer A very good how-to kind of handbook that talks a bit about some of the concepts central to Revival Druidry in particular, and lays out the First Degree curriculum for AODA in depth.

All of the above focus on contemporary Druidic practice from various perspectives. As far as scholarly historical works, Ronald Hutton wrote a fascinating introductory text entitled, Druids: A History, that traces the development of the idea of Druidry and Druidism throughout the past several hundred years. He has a more extensive book due to be published in June, 2009, called Blood and Mistletoe: The History of the Druids in Britain that will expand on this topic, and which is bound to be great. Beyond this, I'd recommend any of Miranda Green's work (I just got her Symbol & Image in Celtic Religious Art, which I can't wait to tear into!), as well as most of the books written by John and Caitlin Matthews, which usually explore mythological themes and have a bit of an historical/academic bent, if not much at times.

Saturday, February 7, 2009

Plan for Advanced Druidic Study

Since I've formally committed to continuing my degree work within AODA (OBOD's Bardic correspondence course ended up being a bit too touchy-feely for me), I've been giving some thought to what kind of work I want to pursue over the next few years.

Some of it will be guided in part by the AODA Second Degree curriculum, with its focus on the four elements and corresponding emphases: earth: a foundation of continual connection with the natural world and a developing understanding of ecology; fire: more intense and creative engagement with ritual and holy day rites; air: scholarly study of Celtic mythology, Arthurian legend and the history of Revival Druidry; and water: emotional and community development through teaching and mentoring. In addition to these four areas of training, AODA also encourages the development of practical skills in the arts and spiritual crafts by requiring three "spirals" of study in things such as poetry, music, magic, and divination, as well as a "fifth element" (spirit) focus on comparative religion and the theory and history of nature spirituality in particular, in order to develop a broader perspective on the role of Druidry in our own lives and within our contemporary historical-cultural context.

This is all very structured and task-oriented; e.g. "read x number of books on this topic and write an essay y pages long," or "develop n holy day rites and perform them at least z times a year," or "choose a musical instrument and practice p times a week, memorizing q number of songs you feel skilled enough to play in public." In some ways, I very much like this approach, since it sets out very clear, attainable goals to work towards without putting too many restrictions on what exactly each individual will learn from or get out of such work. Of course, there's a general assumption that, for instance, committed regular contact with nature will rub off on a person in terms of appreciation and care, or that the self-discipline required to meditate daily, or the creativity and knowledge needed to write a certain number of self-designed rituals, will have similarly predictable effects, all working together and playing off each other to shape a person walking the uniquely AODA Druidic path while also ensuring they have at least some of the skills necessary to teach newcomers and neophytes, passing the tradition on to others. In some ways, the structure of the AODA degree program works to inculcate and train its Druids in the same way a graduate school program trains its students to become competent professors within the academic institution. (And, as with graduate school, this type of institutional training, despite its benefits, is not cut out for everybody.) Obviously, the part of me that eventually rebelled against the influence of inadvertent or unacknowledged "indoctrination" in my creative writing graduate program struggles, too, from time to time with this aspect of AODA training. However, because I do enjoy the challenge of specific, outlined goals and I believe the process of training and growth in Druidry is valuable in itself, I've decided to take up the challenge and confront whatever obstacles that may come up with a commitment to my own future goals in mind.

As I mentioned, the AODA program is very much task-oriented, and so to help "flesh out" this approach and give it depth, another aspect that will guide my Druidic work over the next few years will be a personal emphasis on "Ovate"-related aspects of spirituality. Although for some reason (not entirely clear to me) AODA very much downplays the traditional (Revival) Druidic division of training into Bardic, Ovate and Druidic levels adopted by groups like OBOD, I feel that these broad categories make a kind of sense to me. Because I first came to Druidry through my "bardic" work with poetry and creative writing (and chose poetry as the "spiral" for my First Degree work), metaphors of music, song, dance, imagery and imagination have echoed strongly through my Druidic study so far. As I continue to explore and grow, however, I find two new interests coming into focus: a fascination with shamanic and trance or dream work, divination and magic; and a growing need to articulate my spirituality in theological and philosophical terms that encompass questions of ethics, justice, politics and metaphysics. These correspond, very roughly, to the emphasis found in Ovate and Druid training. While I will certainly continue to develop the latter on my own (as if I could stop myself!), I've decided that my Second Degree work will benefit from a good dose of shamanic, intuitive exploration. The "spirals" I've chosen (divination, magic and a self-designed "faery spiral") all deal with nonrational, Otherworld aspects of spirituality, learning how to shape consciousness, connect with sacred or trans-mundane beings and energies, and working more closely with liminal experiences in the human life cycle (such as birth, love, grief, death, illness, initiation, etc.).

One way I've thought about this threefold division within Druidry is to imagine the Bards as the poets and story-tellers, the Ovates as what we would think of as "priests" or spiritual counselors, and the Druids as "judges" and advisors in both worldly and spiritual matters. Thinking through AODA's Second Degree curriculum, one thing that strikes me is the important role that mentoring, teaching and group leadership comes to play over the next few years. By the time an Apprentice is ready to become a Druid Companion in AODA, their work has supposedly prepared them for formal ordination and the responsibilities of organizing and leading a chartered Study Group.* The exercises and reading of the Second Degree's Water path place heavy emphasis on encouraging emotional maturity, exploring various models of spiritual development, and learning effective techniques for teaching, coaching and counseling; meanwhile, the Fire path requires students to write, memorize and be able to effectively perform ritual with others (including the Candidate initiation ritual). Once again, in its own task-oriented way, AODA's curriculum works to impart the skills and knowledge a person needs to act competently as a priest or priestess for their local community. Intuitive shamanic and dreamwork seem, to me, to be a natural compliment to these more overt, exoteric leadership skills. After all, how can you help to counsel and guide others without personal exploration and experience of your own.

But this is where I find myself almost immediately running into difficulties. The next two or three years of my Druidic study are fairly well mapped out, with lists of important books, exercises and techniques to pursue and correct, and a given number of hours of "community service" to provide. Not to mention, I have the added benefit of knowing a few people within AODA who have worked through and completed the Second Degree already, who can and often cheerfully do provide advice, encouragement and personal examples from their own lives. But for me, this isn't enough. Instead, I keep asking myself, "What does spiritual growth look like?" There was a time when I thought I knew, or I at least had a kind of ideal to shoot for, to work towards. Now... I find myself honestly unsure. For all its structure and challenge, in many ways the AODA degree program strikes me as imparting barely more than a skill set. Valuable, useful skills, of course, but.... still. I've seen people who can effectively read runes or competently perform moving rituals, but then I've also seen Catholic priests who preach movingly about love and service, and then afterwards go diddle some poor altar boy in the rectory. Not to put too fine a point on it. Certainly, skills are important, but as I read Judy Harrow's book, Spiritual Mentoring: A Pagan Guide, for instance, I read again and again about how necessary it is to encourage real, substantive spiritual growth... and yet nowhere do I find any indication of what this might be or how we might recognize it. So I'm left asking (skill-sets, knowledge-bases and charisma aside): what does spiritual growth look like?






* One thing that bothers me about AODA is that Groves can only be established by Druid Adepts, who are initiated based not on a clearly outlined program of study as with the two previous grades, but according to the whim of the Grand Grove and its members, who must approve a self-designed program (or decide to bestow the title honorarily on people who impress them). This is where hierarchy becomes an issue for me. In theory, this "freedom" of study is meant to encourage self-discipline and commitment, demanding that truly serious students of Druidry prove themselves by taking up the responsibility for their own development after they reach a certain level. In practice, however, it seems to work to keep very few people from attaining to the higher degrees. Instead, it seems people at this point more often "take the iniative" by leaving AODA altogether to establish their own groups or groves (and if/when I reach that point, I will most likely do the same). The current archdruid of the Order often seems quite satisfied (almost suspiciously self-satisfied) to allow members "without the commitment" or who take issue with this hierarchical structure to drop away, move on, or simply stay put at their current level. I find this a shame, since it means that AODA's membership (which consists almost entirely of Candidates and Apprentices) is likely to remain fairly stagnant in the coming decades. I can only hope that, as membership grows to include more younger members and the current leaders finally being to retire, a new and more refreshing attitude might take hold that encourages growth both for the group as a whole and for members personally. Since, as part of my Apprentice initiation, I promised to work to help the AODA community, I will continue to try to be part of that more promising trend.

Wednesday, February 4, 2009

Altar Overhaul

This past month of blogging has been heavy with abstraction and theory, but that's not all I've been up to. In those moments when I step back and take a look at myself, I'm still a bit stunned at this sudden surge of energy and focus I've had since the winter solstice.

It was a little less than a year ago, just after passing my First Degree Exam with AODA, that I decided to cease formal study with the Order for a little while. I didn't perform the ritual self-initiation to enter the first degree of Druid Apprentice at the time, since one aspect of the ritual was to describe what you had learned during your time as a Candidate; while I'd written twenty-seven pages worth of reflection for my exam on this very topic, I wanted to be absolutely sure, to gain some perspective about some of the fundamental ways that Druidry had thus far shaped and changed me, before I committed to formal membership and further study. The following year was quiet and contemplative when it came to my spiritual path. I kept blogging, thinking and spending a great deal of time out in nature. I read a bit of Celtic mythology and other texts that were beyond the "Druidry 101" types I'd been lining my shelf with up until that point. But for the most part I lapsed back into observer-mode, the role I had occupied for several years as a student in college, studying Neopaganism from the outside-in before finally trying my hand at this whacky nature-worship hoopla for myself. For the past year, I've done very little actual spiritual work. I've continued to go on walks and attend to nature, but I haven't prayed, meditated or even done much ritual on the holy days. I just... didn't feel like it.

I'm not sure what exactly changed this Alban Arthan past, but something sure has kicked back into gear. I've felt a sense of renewal and more solidified commitment. Along with the intense serial posts that I've spent a great deal of time working on, I recently determined that it was absolutely essential to address the issue of my altar, which had been bothering me for quite some time. Over the year--especially in the autumn, as a means of coping with some annual bad-memories-relived issues--I had turned my altar area mainly into a kind of shrine to the local landscape of the natural world, scattered with leaves, seeds, nuts and stones I'd collected on my weekly walks. But with this new spurt of energy, and a renewed commitment to regular meditation that I'd already started to make good on, I decided to sit down and work on an "altar overhaul."

Assessing Needs

First, I made a list of the ideal uses that I would like my main altar to serve:

  • as a shrine, to display important and/or aesthetic objects (such as candles, statues, paintings, cards, other objects)

  • as a space of offering, incorporating objects from nature such as leaves, stones, flowers, shells, seeds, etc., to be placed in an offering dish or among the other ritual items on display

  • a focal point for meditation and prayer, with comfortable seating and an aesthetically pleasing balance in design, to draw me naturally and eagerly into the space

I quickly realized that my current altar set-up, in trying to meet all these needs, failed to meet any of them fully. I also noticed that I had no real interest in the kind of "working altar" and its tools that was commonly found in witchcraft and other kinds of magical practices, although this model of functionality (and elemental correspondence, especially) had been the first type I'd been introduced to and was still shaping my expectations in many ways.

Next, I tried to pinpoint some of the biggest problems with my current altar, to give me a clearer picture of what issues I would need to resolve:

  • using the top of my bureau as a shrine meant having a mirror as a permanent backdrop; not only did this limit the amount of decorative elements I could incorporate (as well as providing a distracting full-view reflection of myself during ritual), but using the mirror for mundane purposes meant that I had to literally "overlook" the shrine on a daily basis

  • a lack of comfortable seating (in particular a floor cushion that would allow me to sit in my preferred cross-legged position) discouraged me from extended or regular use; pulling up a chair required inconvenient furniture rearranging, plus the shape of bureau made sitting close awkward, with no room for my knees

  • the shape of the bureau top was flat and long, so that my altar was broken into smaller areas some of which had no organized theme whatsoever; it often felt too long to be practical, and didn't have an aesthetic "flow" or coherence necessary to create an inviting or inspiring space

  • at the most basic level, the area was impractical for activities such as burning candles or incense, or lighting small controlled fires in my cauldron; not enough space to allow for ease and comfort, amplified by my worries about wax or burn marks ruining a nice wood finish, provided too many causes for distraction or discomfort


With these problems clearly identified, I soon began to prioritize and scope out my apartment for possible new locations and set-ups for a more practical altar space. I found a corner in my bedroom that had become a kind of random-pile-of-stuff mess, so I buckled down and cleared it out, brought an old round end table up from basement storage, lugged a huge forgotten cushion out of the closet, and followed my instinct.

Over the past month or so, my most pressing priority had become a practical altar for meditation. I'd already begun meditating again before going to bed each night, sitting on my bed in my pajamas working at simple Sphere of Protection visualizations and occasionally going to my inner nemeton or sacred grove. But I wanted something more, something set off from the nightly routine: a candle to light, burning incense to mark the beginning of meditative time and permeate the space with a sense of quiet, sacred stillness. And for some reason, I really wanted to pour water over stones.

Cultivating Enchantment

I can't really explain this last desire--it is essentially nonrational. During family summer vacations in Acadia National Park, ME, in recent years, I'd taken to pouring out small amounts of water onto the ground when I stopped for a drink during long hikes. The huge granite slabs of the coastal mountain peaks, warm with long hours of sunlight, seemed to drink up the offering, glistening and growing darker where the water pooled and trickled between rough patches of lichen, into invisible fractures in the rock. I did it without thinking, as a way of showing my gratitude for the mountains, the earth, the pacing rocky shoreline and the sea racing out to meet endless sky. And now, thinking about my meditative practices and what my ideal altar would include, I found myself imagining the cairns and boulders of Acadia again, and seeing myself in a peaceful grove, kneeling and offering clear, fresh water (or maybe sometimes a bit of mead) to the earth.

This kind of nonrational ritual activity--pouring water over a small pile of stones, to soak into the soil beneath--had a strong aesthetic sense that enchanted and inspired me, so I decided to go with it. Rather than organize a new altar around the traditional four elements, I decided to focus instead on the Three Realms of Druidry: earth, sea and sky, represented by the bile (or sacred tree), the sacred fire, and the sacred well.

  • My mother had given me a beautiful hand-turned clay candle holder for Christmas, a deep gorgeous blue that rippled around a carved image of the sun, so I set to work washing out a small jar in which I could safely burn a tealight; this would be my sacred flame, a symbol of the sky and solar energies.

  • Next, I found a small blue bowl I'd bought more than a year ago, collecting dust in my kitchen cabinet. Filling it with sea salt infused water and laying a small mirror on its bottom, over which I scatter a few chips of moonstone and tiny snail shells I'd gathered along the beaches of Acadia, I now had my sacred well, to serve both as a symbol of the sea and of the lunar energies that would compliment and balance those of the sun.

  • Finally, I filled a round, green tray (which used to belong to a decorative planters pot) with rich, dark soil and built a small cairn out of river stones and rough pebbles; this would be my symbol for earth, this dish with its tiny axis mundi reaching upwards, circled by decorative green boughs.


I arranged these three items on the circular end table in the corner of my bedroom, rearranged a few chairs and bookcases to open up the space to allow for both standing meditation and sitting cross-legged on a cushioned elevated platform (i.e. a sturdy old wooden kids-sized table from my childhood that has outlasted every piece of brightly-colored plastic junk I ever owned). The altar faces southwest, and I often feel the interplay of fire and water, grounded deeply in the earth, as part of its inspiration and enchantment. During sessions of meditation, I place a small stick of incense to the left of the solar candle, and a pitcher next to the bowl of water. I fill the pitcher with fresh water before hand and, during my meditation, I infuse this with a few drops from the bowl before charging it with intention and gratitude and pouring it gently over the stones.

Back to Work

Soon after completing the overhaul and set up of my new altar, sewing my new white cotton meditation robes and practicing regularly for a good week and a half, I decided that I was indeed ready to finally commit to AODA's first degree of Druid Apprentice through the formal self-initiation ritual. So, once again, I found myself in need of a "working altar" arrayed with the four elemental cauldrons of the traditional AODA ritual. My meditation altar proved unsuitable for these purposes, and the shrine-like altar on my bureau was utterly impractical as well (not least because it did not allow me to walk circles around it, being up against a wall). Then it dawned on me: I had a perfectly good table already available, the one I had been using as a platform for my seated meditations. I kept it intentionally clear of clutter during the day to minimize the need to shuffle and rearrange objects when setting up my meditative space each evening. How simple it would be to pull this table out into the center of the room, arrange a chair in the south facing north, and set up a temporary "working altar" for practical ritual that could be easily dismantled again after the ceremony had finished.

This is precisely what I did. The dish of earth set in the north and the bowl of water in the west were complimented by a candle and incense in the south and east, and in the center I placed the solar candle as a focal point. Rather than merely representing the sky realm, as it did on my meditation altar, here it could serve to symbolize all Three Realms together: the candle inside still represented the sky and sacred fire, but now it floated in the jar I had filled with salt-infused water representing the sea, while the pottery itself, sculpted lovingly out of clay, came to represent the realm of earth. This jar full of water, which had felt the warmth of the sacred flame, I would later transfer into the lunar bowl on my meditation altar, where it would eventually blend with fresh waters and bless the soil and stones of the dish of earth. In this way, the energies and intentions at the center of my working altar would circulate in a fluid dynamic among the Three Realms in the sacred space where I quieted myself to meditate and pray, forging and reminding me of the intimate relationship of exchange between my receptive stillness and my active ritual work.

Out of respect for the oath I have sworn to the Order, I cannot go into more details about the nature of the initiation ritual itself, but you can also see on the working altar the symbols of my Druid Apprenticeship: the red cord, the knife, the red stone or "Druid egg" (though some scholars believe the Druid egg, said to have been made from the spittle of a ball of writhing serpents, was actually a bit of coral, not in the literal shape of an egg), and the tiny crane bag. These special objects now, too, sit on my meditation altar when they are not being used for formal ritual, representing my store of potential and the essence of my connection with the Sacred hidden and kept safe within.

Monday, February 2, 2009

Poems by Wendell Berry

The Cold

How exactly good it is
to know myself
in the solitude of winter,

my body containing its own
warmth, divided from all
by the cold; and to go

separate and sure
among the trees cleanly
divided, thinking of you

perfect too in your solitude,
your life withdrawn into
your own keeping

--to be clear, poised
in perfect self-suspension
toward you, as though frozen.

And having known fully the
goodness of that, it will be
good also to melt.






Earth and Fire

In this woman the earth speaks.
Her words open in me, cells of light
flashing in my body, and make a song
that I follow toward her out of my need.
The pain I have given her I wear
like another skin, tender, the air
around me flashing with thorns.
And yet such joy as I have given her
sings in me and is part of her song.
The winds of her knees shake me
like a flame. I have risen up from her,
time and again, a new man.






February 2, 1968

In the dark of the moon, in flying snow, in the dead of winter,
war spreading, families dying, the world in danger,
I walk the rocky hillside, sowing clover.






To Know the Dark

To go in the dark with a light is to know the light.
To know the dark, go dark. Go without sight,
and find that the dark, too, blooms and sings,
and is traveled by dark feet and dark wings.